CUET PG Bio Informatics Syllabus 2026 (OUT): PDF Download, Chapter Wise Topics

Mode of the examination

Computer-based test (CBT)/Lan-based/Online

Medium/ Language

English and Hindi

Duration of the examination

90 minutes

Frequency of exam in a year

Once a year

Type of questions

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

Total number of Questions

75

Total Marks

300

Negative marking

Yes

Marking Scheme

+4 for correct answer| -1 for an incorrect answer

Total sections in the question paper

1

Name of the section and number of questions asked from it

75 MCQs from Bio Informatics to test domain knowledge

I

Mathematics and Statistical Foundation

II

Role of Chemistry in Bioinformatics

III

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

IV

Microbiology and Immunology

V

Genetic Engineering, Gene Sequencing and RDT

VI

Bio-Physics

VII

Fundamentals of Information Technology and Computer Programming

VIII

Basics of Bioinformatics

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Mathematics and Statistical Foundation

• Calculus: The concept of limit of a Functions, continuity, differentiability, successive differentiation, Leibnitz theorem, asymptotes, definite integrals, reduction formulae, order and degree of ordinary differential equations, linear differential equations with constant coefficient and Laplace transformations 
• Algebra: Mappings, groups, subgroups, matrices, elementary operations of matrices, inverse of matrices, application of matrices to system of linear equations, vector spaces, linear transformation and their matrix representations. 
• Analysis Open set, closed set, limit, continuity, Taylor's theorem, Lagrange's mean theorem, Rolle's Theorem, sequences and series, convergence of series. 
• Probability Distribution: Basics of Binomial, Poisson and Normal distributions and their application in biology. Random Variable; Discrete and Continuous Probability Distribution, Probability mass function, probability Density function, Mathematical Expectation.
• Geometry Plane, straight line, sphere, cone, cylinder, conicoids.

Role of Chemistry in Bioinformatics

• Kinetic theory of gases, Atomic Structure, Periodic Properties, Chemical bonding, Distribution of electrons in organic compounds. 
• Homogeneous equilibria, chemical Kinetics, p and d block elements, StereoChemistry, Configurational Isomerism, Elements of symmetry, Chirality.
• Colligative properties, thermodynamics, Chemistry of elements of first transition series, Coordination Compounds, Organometallic Compounds, Alicyclic Compounds
• Esters containing active methylene group, Aromatic Compounds, Nuclear Chemistry, Zero group elements, Phase Rule and Electrochemistry. 

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

• Carbohydrates and lipids, their importance in cells. Proteins: Amino acids and peptides; primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures; protein – protein interactions; sequence homology, functional and evolutionary relationships of proteins.
• Nucleic acids: Bases, nucleotides, RNA and DNA. Different Structural from of DNA, denaturation and renaturation of DNA, protein-nucleic acid interactions.
• Enzymes: Units of activity, coenzymes and metal cofactors, temperature and pH effects, MichaelisMenten kinetics, inhibitors and activators, active site and mechanism of enzyme action, isoenzymes, allosteric enzymes, regulation by covalent modification. Organization of metabolic systems: enzyme chains, multienzyme complexes and multifunctional enzymes, regulatory enzymes and feedback control of metabolic pathways, energy charge
• Carbohydrate metabolism: Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis, glycogenolysis and pentose phosphate pathway; hormonal control. TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. B-oxidation and biosynthesis of fatty acids. Transamination and deamination of amino acids, ketogenic and glycogenic and glycogenic amino acids, urea cycle.Purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis.

Microbiology and Immunology

• Viruses: Morphology, Architecture, Nomenclature, Classification and symmetry, Structure of a typical plant (TMV), Animal (polio) and Bacterial (T4) Viruses; Bacteriophages (Lytic & lysogenic cycles) 
• Role of microorganisms in biogeochemical cycles of Nitrogen and Carbon. Biological nitrogen fixation with special reference to Rhizobium. Industrial application of microorganisms: Organic acids, alcohol, food processing, milk products with special reference to Lactobacillus, antibiotics with reference to Streptomyces, biopesticides. 
• Methods in Microbiology – staining, sterilisation method culture media, pure culture methods, methods for population estimation, growth determination. 
• Immunology: Immunity, Immune system in Human: Active and Passive Immunity, Antigens, Antibodies, Classes of Immunoglobulins, Antigen – Antibody reaction, B-cells and T-cells and their role in immunity to infection, Autoimmunity. 
• Immunity to infectious agents; AIDS and other immunodeficiencies, Vaccines, Hybridoma Technology and Monoclonal antibodies, Gene Therapy.

Genetic Engineering, Gene Sequencing and RDT

• DNA as genetic material, Structure and Biological importance of DNA; Types of RNA and their structure; Replication of DNA. Genetic code, Central Dogma, Transcription, Translation, RNA editing, DNA repair. Introduction: Plasmids and bacteriophages: Cosmids, M13, Shuttle vectors and lamda of E. coli, Applications of genetic engineering in medicine, industry and agriculture. Enzymes for RDT: polymerase, restriction endonucleases, ligases, Introduction of r-DNA into living cells – Transformation and Transfection, Identification of recombinants.
• Techniques in Genetic Engineering: PCR, Gene Sequencing – Maxam Gilbert method & Sanger method, Electrophoresis, Southern and northern blotting techniques. Transgenic plants and animals, Gene therapy, Intellectual Property Rights, Bioethics. 

Bio-Physics

• Energetics of a living body, sources of heat limits to temperature ( qualitative treatment), heat dissipation to conservation, laws of thermodynamics. Nature of chemical bonds, intra and intermolecular interaction in biological systems. Force field used in Molecular Dynamics Simulation. 
• Absorption spectroscopy- Beer-Lambert’s law, Colorimetry to Spectrophotometry( single and double beam spectrophotometer), primary biophysical events in photosynthesis. 
• Spectroscopic techniques to find out molecular structure (quantitative techniques), general spectroscopy (UV, Visible, Fluorescence, Atomic absorption, IR to Raman spectra). Instrumental techniques: Concept of chromatography, electrophoresis; spectrophotometry, UV-VIS, IR, NMR',- and spectroscopy. 
• Physical methods of imaging, intact biological structures (X-ray, CT-Scan, ECG, EEG, NMR) and radioactive pollution- GM counter 
• Structure of proteins – primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. X-ray crystallography Physical methods for determining size and shape of macromolecules – diffusion to sedimentation, reverse osmosis, ultracentrifugation, Ramachandran Plot Analysis

Fundamentals of Information Technology and Computer Programming

• An overview of resolution in computers and communication. Applications software (Word processing, spreadsheets, database, financial, communicating etc.) Processors (microclips, CPU., Main memory, representation of data & programs, microcomputer system unit, future processing power), Input and output, storage, Interactivity, Multimedia
• System Software, The use of online resources and the internet, Communications technology (hardware, channels & Networks), Software development (programming & languages). 
• Introduction to programming in C++, C++ control structures (if, if/else, while, do/while, for, switch).
• Functions (definition and prototypes, storage classes, Scope rules, Recursion, inline functions, references and reference parametrics, function overloading, function templates), Arrays (declaration, passing arrays to functions, sorting and searching arrays, multiple subscripted arrays. 
• Pointers (declaration & initialization, pointer operators, calling functions by reference, pointer expression and pointer arithmetic, pointers & arrays, arrays of pointers, function pointers),  Introduction to characters and string processing, classes(structures, class scope, access utility functions, constructors, destructors, use of data members and member functions). 
• Colour models: CMY, HSV, RGB, Visualisation techniques. Graphics display devices, Raster and Random scan devices, colour CRT monitors, LCD and LED. 
• Artificial Neural Networks, Genetic algorithm, Bayesian modelling, Monte Carlo Simulation Method, Markov Models and their application 
• Perl basic: Variables, Perl operations, A Program to store DNA sequence, Concatenating DNA fragment, Transcription: DNA to RNA, Subroutines, scoping and subroutines, command-line arguments and arrays passing data to subroutines, modules and libraries of subroutines, fixing bugs. 

Basics of Bioinformatics

• What is Bioinformatics and its relation with molecular biology Examples of related tools, databases and software, Data generation; Generation of large scale molecular biology data. (Through Genome sequencing, Protein sequencing, Gel electrophoresis, NMR Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, and microarray). Applications of Bioinformatics. 
• Biological Database and its Types, Introduction to data types and Source. Population and sample,Classification and Presentation of Data. Quality of data, private and public data sources. General Introduction of Biological Databases; Nucleic acid databases, Protein databases (Primary, Composite, and Secondary). Specialized Genome databases:Structure databases
• Data storage and retrieval and Interoperability, Flat files, relational, object oriented databases and controlled vocabularies. File Format, Introduction to Metadata and search; Indices, Boolean, Fuzzy, Neighboring search.The challenges of data exchange and integration. Ontologies, interchange languages and standardisation efforts. 
• Sequence Alignments and Visualization, Introduction to Sequences, alignments and Dynamic Programming,Local alignment and Global alignment (algorithm and example), Pairwise alignment and multiple sequence alignment. Methods for presenting large quantities of biological data: sequence viewers, 3D structure viewers, Anatomical visualisation. 
• Gene Expression and Representation of patterns and relationship,General introduction to Gene expression in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, transcription factors binding sites. SNP, EST, STS.Introduction to Regular Expression, Hierarchies, and Graphical models (including Marcov chain and Bayes notes).Genetic variability and connections to clinical data. 

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