How many BSc colleges are there in India?

There are 18,500+ best BSc colleges in India, of which 9,200+ colleges are owned privately, 2,900+ are owned by the government, and there are about 2,100+ institutions that are owned by public-private institutions. Students can secure admission to BSc colleges in India after Class 12. The selection criteria are based on merit or scores in entrance exams like CUET, ICAR AIEEA, JEE MAIN, SAT India, etc. Some of the top Bachelor's in Science colleges in India include BHU, AIIMS Delhi, Amity University Noida, JMI, Hansraj College, Galgotias University, Parul University, AMU, IIT Madras, JIPMER Puducherry, Amity University Gurugram, AIIMS Rishikesh, and many others.

Which is the No.1 BSc college in India?

Listed below are the top BSc colleges in India along with their NIRF rankings for 2024: College Name NIRF 2024 BHU Ranking 5 JMI Ranking 3 AMU ranking 8 Disclaimer: This information is sourced from official website of the ranking body listed and may vary.

What are the career prospects after doing BSc in India?

A BSc in India opens doors to a wide range of career opportunities! Here's a breakdown of the possibilities: Fields Profiles Description Science Research Scientist, Clinical Research Specialist, Lab Technician, Professor, Lecturer, Biochemist These roles are suited for those who enjoy research, analysis, and lab work. IT/Technical Fields Data Scientist, Software Developer This path is ideal if you have an interest in technology and working with data. Agriculture, Environmental Science Agriculture Officer, Forest Officer, Environmental Consultant These careers cater to those passionate about specific areas outside the traditional Science spectrum. Remember, a BSc equips you with a strong foundation in scientific concepts and analytical thinking. This is valuable across various industries. With focused efforts and the right skills, you can build a successful career after your BSc!

What are the affordable BSc colleges in India?

Joining the top BSc colleges in India can be affordable as most colleges have tuition fees of less than INR 1 lakh. Some of them are mentioned below along with their tuition fees and average placement package: Low-cost BSc Colleges Tuition Fee BHU Fees INR 3,000 - INR 35,000 AIIMS Delhi Fees INR 1,000 - INR 2,000 JMI Fees INR 23,000 - INR 24,000 Hansraj College Fees INR 540 JIPMER Puducherry Fees INR 5,000 Disclaimer: This information is sourced from official website.

What are the top BSc colleges in India?

Hi, to determine the No. 1 BSc college in India, you just need to go through its total tuition fees. Listed below are some of the top BSc colleges in India accepting CUET score in India along with their total tuition costs: Private Colleges Total Tuition Fee Amity University, Noida Admission INR 2 Lacs – INR 13 lakh SASTRA Admission INR 2 lakh LPU - Lovely Professional University Admission INR 5 lakh BHU Admission INR 9,000 – INR 35,000 JMI Admission INR 23,000 – INR 24,000 DU Admission INR 11,000 – INR 1 lakh Hope this information proves beneficial for you!

Can I get into a BSc programme with my 50%-60% marks from Class 12th?

Hi, fret not! you can still pursue a BSc programme even with lower marks from Class 12th. You can go for online BSc courses offered by some of the top colleges in India, you can refer below for some of them: College Name Courses Offered Centre for Online Education IGNOU BSc in Chemistry Amity University Online BSc in IT BSc (Hons.) in IT IIT Madras BSc in Programming and Data Science Alison Diploma in Operations and Supply Management Shiv Nadar University BSc (Research) in Economics & Finance For more information about online BSc courses offering colleges please: CLICK HERE

What are the top specialisations offered by best BSc colleges in India?

Hi, given below are the top specialisations offered by best BSc colleges in India : Top Specialisations No. of Colleges Mathematics 3,773 Physics 2,889 Computer Science 2,558 Zoology 1,963 Statistics 468 Hope this answered your question!

What to do after BSc?

The students can apply for jobs in the relevant field or opt for higher studies. In addition, BSc graduates can find job opportunities in both public and private sectors. Here are the top academic courses one can pursue after BSc: MSc (Master of Science) MCA (Master of Computer Application) MBA (Master of Business Administration) Part- or full-time Data Science courses Part- or full-time Machine Learning courses

Can I do BSc in India without any entrance exam?

Yes, some colleges offer direct admission to BSc programmes without any entrance exams. Listed below are some BSc colleges in India without any entrance exams along with their tuition fees: College Name Tuition Fee BHU INR 3,000 Amity University Noida INR 2 lakh - INR 20 lakh Galgotias University INR 2 lakh - INR 6 lakh Parul University INR 2 lakh - INR 6 lakh Amity University Gurugram INR 4 lakh - INR 6 lakh Hope this answered your question!

Can I pursue BSc in distance mode in India?

Yes, you can surely go for Bsc in distance mode, please refer below for some of the distance BSc colleges in India along with their tuition fees: College Name Tuition Fee Eligibility / Exams IGNOU INR 17,100 - INR 43,500 Merit-Based Annamalai University INR 1.07 lakh Merit-Based Institute of Distance Education, University of Madras INR 20,010 - INR 27,510 Merit-Based Tamil Nadu Open University INR 15,600 - INR 22,000 Merit-Based Directorate of Distance Education, Madurai Kamaraj University INR 12,000 - INR 1.76 lakh Merit-Based Hope this helps!

What criteria should I consider when choosing a BSc college?

When choosing a BSc college, it is important to consider a variety of criteria to ensure that the institution aligns with your academic and career goals. There are some key factors to keep in mind: Accreditation: Ensure the college is recognised by relevant educational authorities. Academic Excellence: Look for colleges known for their strong academic programs and faculty in the field of Science you are interested in. Curriculum: Check if the curriculum is up to date and includes the latest developments in the field. Faculty: Research the qualifications and experience of the faculty members. Infrastructure: Consider the quality of labs, libraries and other facilities. Remember, the best college for you will be one that not only provides excellent education but also supports your personal and professional development.

Can I pursue B.Sc Maths without PCM in Class 12?

No Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics in Class 12 are mandatory to pursue a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics. Universities may have different requirements for admission to a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics program but generally speaking you need to fulfill the following: Get a PCM in Class 12 from an accredited school. In Class 12, achieve a minimum aggregate of 50–55%.

What is the procedure to get admission for B.Sc. in Nautical Science?

B.Sc (Nautical Science) is 3 years duration program with total intake of 120 at IMU Chennai campus. All admissions to the various UG and PG programmes of the IMU and its Affiliated Institutes will be through an all-India Online Common Entrance Tests (CETs) which will be conducted in the month of June 2019. Registration Fee is Rs. 1000 for General candidates and Rs. 700 for Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribe candidates. CET Syllabus - English, General Aptitude, Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics at Plus 2 level. For Online Registration, applicants should visit the website of the Indian Maritime University and click on the CET June 2019 hyperlink. The online registrations will be start in the month of April. Eligibility criteria :- 10+2/ equivalent (PCM-60% and minimum of 50% marks in English subject in 10th / 12th Examination.) Note: In case of SC/ST candidates there will be a 5% relaxation in eligibility marks; however, it will not apply to English marks.

What are the important documents required for admission in B.Sc Nautical Science?

Documents such as adhaar card, pan card, passport size photograph, marksheets of 10+2 etc. are some general specified documents which you will require to carry everywhere. Other requirements can vary and depends on the college you wish to enroll into. If you appear for any entrance exam and clear the cutoff score, the exam can help you get into your desired universities.

Which will help me get a higher salary: a BDes or a BSc in Design?

Both BDes and BSc in Design have higher salary prospects. The salary package you get mainly depends on your skills and experience. BDes courses are more focused on the creative part of the Design, however, BSc in Design courses are more inclined towards the technical aspects.

Can you elaborate on the BSc Design career?

Sure, the BSc Design career scope is vast, with diverse career paths based on the specialisation you choose to study. It will offer you not just the theoretical knowledge but also help you gain creative and technical skills. You can even go for freelance opportunities once you gain relevant skills and experience in the industry.

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Best BSc Colleges in India: Ranking, Admissions 2026, Fees, Courses, Placements

Arounnd 18,500+ best BSc colleges are there in India out of which 9,200+ colleges are private, 2,900+ are government and 2,100+ are semi-government. Students get admission through Class 12 scores or exams like CUET, ICAR AIEEA, JEE MAIN, SAT India, etc. Popular colleges are BHU, AIIMS Delhi, Amity University Noida, JMI, Hansraj College, Galgotias University, Parul University, AMU, IIT Madras, JIPMER Puducherry, Amity University Gurugram, AIIMS Rishikesh, etc.

Table of Contents

Best BSc Colleges in India: Highlights 2025
Best BSc Colleges in India with NIRF Ranking 2024
Best BSc Colleges in India: Admissions 2025
Best BSc Colleges in India: Exam Schedule 2025
Best Private BSc Colleges in India: Admissions, Courses, Fees, Eligibility
Best Government BSc Colleges in India: Admissions, Courses, Fees, Eligibility
Location-Wise Best BSc Colleges in India

Table of Contents

Best BSc Colleges in India: Highlights 2025
Best BSc Colleges in India with NIRF Ranking 2024
Best BSc Colleges in India: Admissions 2025
Best BSc Colleges in India: Exam Schedule 2025
Best Private BSc Colleges in India: Admissions, Courses, Fees, Eligibility
Best Government BSc Colleges in India: Admissions, Courses, Fees, Eligibility
Location-Wise Best BSc Colleges in India
- 7.1 Best BSc Colleges in Delhi NCR: Admissions, Fees, Courses, Eligibility
- 7.2 Best BSc Colleges in Mumbai: Admissions, Fees, Courses, Eligibility
- 7.3 Best BSc Colleges in Hyderabad: Admissions, Fees, Courses, Eligibility
Best BSc Colleges in India: Fees Vs Salary
Highest Salary Offered by Best BSc Colleges in India
Low-cost BSc Colleges in India
Top Specialisations Offered by BSc Colleges in India
Best BSc Colleges in India: Online Courses 2025
Best BSc Colleges in India: Comparison

Best BSc Colleges in India: Highlights 2025

Candidates can see the table below:

Parameters	Statistics
No. of Colleges	18,500+ colleges
Tuition Fee	Free of cost: 1 college Less than INR 1 Lakh: 3,200+ colleges INR 1-2 Lakh: 800+ colleges INR 2-3 Lakh: 850+ colleges INR 3-5 Lakh: 860+ colleges More than INR 5 Lakh: 450+ colleges
Top Colleges	BHU, AIIMS Delhi, Amity University Noida, JMI, Hansraj College, Galgotias University, Parul University, AMU, IIT Madras, JIPMER Puducherry, Amity University Gurugram, AIIMS Rishikesh, and many others.
Top Specialisations	Mathematics, Chemistry, Physics, Computer Science, Botany, etc.
Admission Process	Merit-based or entrance exams like CUET, ICAR AIEEA, JEE MAIN, SAT India, etc

Best BSc Colleges in India with NIRF Ranking 2024

Candidates can see the table below:

College Name	NIRF 2022	NIRF 2023	NIRF 2024
JMI Ranking	3	3	3
BHU Ranking	6	5	5
University of Delhi Ranking	13	11	6
AMU Ranking	11	9	8
Jadavpur University Ranking	4	4	9
Chandigarh University	29	27	20
Amity University Ranking	22	35	32
Panjab University	25	25	38

Best BSc Colleges in India: Admissions 2025

Candidates can see the eligibility below:

Candidates should clear Class 12 in the Science stream with a minimum of 50% - to 60% aggregate from a recognised board. It may be noted that the minimum percentage required for BSc admissions may vary depending on the policy of the university/ college to which a candidate is applying.
Candidates must have studied (PCM) Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics or (PCB) (Physics, Chemistry and Biology) as core subject combinations.
Generally, there is no age limit for pursuing BSc courses unless specified by an institute's eligibility criteria.

Best BSc Colleges in India: Exam Schedule 2025

Candidates can see the exams below:

Exam Name	Exam Schedule	Exam Syllabus
CUET	CUET Schedule	CUET Syllabus
ICAR AIEEA	ICAR AIEEA Schedule	ICAR AIEEA Syllabus
MHT CET	MHT CET Schedule	MHT CET Syllabus
KCET	KCET Schedule	KCET Syllabus
IPU CET	IPU CET Exam Schedule	IPU CET Syllabus
JEE MAIN	JEE MAIN Schedule	JEE MAIN Syllabus
SAT India	SAT India Schedule	SAT India Syllabus

Best Private BSc Colleges in India: Admissions, Courses, Fees, Eligibility

Candidates can see the table below:

Private Colleges	Tuition Fee	Eligibility / Exams
Amity University Noida Admission	INR 2 Lakh – INR 20 Lakh	Merit-Based
Parul University Admission	INR 1.48 lakh - INR 7 lakh	Merit-Based
CMC Vellore	INR 1,800 – INR 3,240	Merit-Based
LPU Admission	INR 2 lakh - INR 9.6 lakh	LPU NEST, CUET and Merit-Based
CU Admission	INR 3.36 lakh	CUCET

Best Government BSc Colleges in India: Admissions, Courses, Fees, Eligibility

Candidates can see the table below:

Public/Govt. Colleges	Tuition Fee	Eligibility / Exams
BHU Admission	INR 3,000 – INR 35,460	CUET, NEET and Merit-Based
AIIMS Delhi Admission	INR 1,000 – INR 2,400	AIIMS Paramedical
JMI Admission	INR 23,400 - INR 3.9 lakh	JMI Entrance Exam, CUET
PSGCAS Admission	INR 30,000 - INR 2.7 lakh	Merit-Based
Hansraj DU Admission	INR 540	CUET

Location-Wise Best BSc Colleges in India

Candidates can see the table below:

Location	No. of Colleges
Delhi NCR	600+
Mumbai (All)	400+
Hyderabad	200+
Bangalore	100+

Best BSc Colleges in Delhi NCR: Admissions, Fees, Courses, Eligibility

Candidates can see the table below:

College Name	Tuition Fee	Eligibility / Exams
AIIMS Delhi	INR 1,000 – INR 2,400	AIIMS Paramedical
Hansraj College	INR 540	CUET
Amity University Noida	INR 1.59 Lakh – INR 20.18 Lakh	Merit-Based
JMI	INR 23,400 – INR 3.9 Lakh	JMI Entrance Exam, CUET
Galgotias University	INR 1.35 Lakh – INR 5.55 Lakh	Merit-Based

Best BSc Colleges in Mumbai: Admissions, Fees, Courses, Eligibility

Candidates can see the table below:

College Name	Tuition Fee	Eligibility / Exams
Amity University	INR 3.76 Lakh - 7.12 Lakh	Merit-Based
Thakur College of Science and Commerce	INR 96,050 – INR 1.82 Lakh	Mumbai University Admission and Merit-Based
IIT Bombay	INR 8 Lakh	Merit-Based
Mithibai College	INR 35,190 – INR 2.7 Lakh	CUET and Merit-Based
Jai Hind College	INR 27,500 – INR 1.5 Lakh	Mumbai University Admission

Best BSc Colleges in Hyderabad: Admissions, Fees, Courses, Eligibility

Candidates can see the table below:

College Name	Tuition Fee	Eligibility / Exams
University College of Science	INR 15,110 – INR 52,600	Merit-Based
GITAM Deemed to be University	INR 3.16 Lakh – INR 5.68 Lakh	GITAM GAT and Merit-Based
Nizam College	INR 18,000 – INR 1.79 Lakh	Merit-Based
Woxsen University	INR 10.1 Lakh	CUET, SAT India
Malla Reddy University	INR 3.6 Lakh – INR 8 Lakh	TS EAMCET

Best BSc Colleges in India: Fees Vs Salary

Candidates can see the table below:

College Names	Tuition Fee	Average Placement Package
Bijni College BSc	-/-	INR 47.04 LPA
Naveen Government College BSc	-/-	INR 43.88 LPA
Dibrugarh Hanumanbax Surajmall Kanoi College BSc	-/-	INR 38.2 LPA
Nitte Usha Institute of Nursing Sciences BSc	INR 7.75 lakh	INR 36 LPA
SNMV College of Arts and Science BSc	-/-	INR 3.78 LPA - INR 35.78 LPA

Highest Salary Offered by Best BSc Colleges in India

Candidates can see the table below:

College Names	Average Placement Package	Top Recruiters
BHU Placements	INR 8 LPA - INR 9 LPA	Cognizant, Genpact, Adani Wilmar, Wipro, Accenture, etc.
JMI Placements	INR 6 LPA	CISCO, Optum, McKinley Rice, KPMG, Accenture, DLF, etc.
Hansraj College Placements	INR 7 LPA	KPMG, HCL, Accenture, Deloitte, EY, PwC, BCG, etc.
IIT Madras Placements	INR 17 LPA - INR 22 LPA	Amazon, Bajaj Auto Limited, EY India, Reliance, TCS, etc.

Low-cost BSc Colleges in India

Candidates can see the table below:

Low-cost BSc Colleges	Tuition Fee
BHU Fees	INR 3,000 - INR 35,000
AIIMS Delhi Fees	INR 1,000 - INR 2,000
JMI Fees	INR 23,000 - INR 24,000
Hansraj College Fees	INR 540
JIPMER Puducherry Fees	INR 5,000

Top Specialisations Offered by BSc Colleges in India

Candidates can see the table below:

Top Specialisations	No. of Colleges
Mathematics	3,773
Physics	2,889
Computer Science	2,558
Zoology	1,963
Statistics	468

Best BSc Colleges in India: Online Courses 2025

Candidates can see the table below:

College Name	Courses Offered
Centre for Online Education IGNOU	BSc in Chemistry
Amity University Online	BSc in IT BSc (Hons.) in IT
IIT Madras	BSc in Programming and Data Science
Alison	Diploma in Operations and Supply Management
Shiv Nadar University	BSc (Research) in Economics & Finance

Best BSc Colleges in India: Cut Off 2025

Candidates can see the cutoff below:

Best BSc Colleges in India: Comparison

Candidates can see the comparison below:

Aneena Aley Abraham05-20-2025 11:04

Ramsaday College

HowrahGovt

Courses Offered

2 Courses

3.6

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Placement Rating

3.5

BSSS College

BhopalPPP

Courses Offered

1 Course

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

₹1.2 L

Median Salary

– / –

Rampurhat College

Birbhum

Courses Offered

7 Courses

3.7

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Placement Rating

3.0

Rvs Agricultural College

ThanjavurPvt

Courses Offered

1 Course

4.1

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

₹2 L

Placement Rating

4.5

Christian College, Kattakada

Kerala - Other

Courses Offered

6 Courses

4.9

Exams Accepted

Kerala University Admission

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Placement Rating

5.0

Modern Medical Institute of Nursing

RaipurPPP

Courses Offered

1 Course

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Median Salary

– / –

Commonly asked questions
On Best BSc Colleges in India: Ranking, Admissions 2026, Fees, Courses, Placements

Q: What are the facilities available for students at Modern Medical Institute of Nursing?

Modern Medical Institute of Nursing provide good facilities all around the campus such as Auditorium, Boys Hostel, Cafeteria, Co-ed Hostel, Girls Hostel, Gym, Hospital / Medical Facilities, Hostel, Labs, Library, Sports Complex, Wi-Fi Campus.

Avichi College of Arts and Science

ChennaiPvt

Courses Offered

2 Courses

1.2

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Placement Rating

1.0

Sujatha Degree College for Women

HyderabadPvt

Courses Offered

4 Courses

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Median Salary

– / –

Government Science College, Vapi

VapiGovt

Courses Offered

1 Course

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Median Salary

– / –

Jawahar Science College

NeyveliPvt

Courses Offered

6 Courses

4.8

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Placement Rating

4.0

Most preferred locations for B.Sc.

Andhra Pradesh (1629)

Paliwal PG College, Shikohabad

FirozabadPPP

Courses Offered

2 Courses

4.2

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

₹6.06 K - 6.54 K

Placement Rating

3.7

Mahadev Mahavidyalaya

VaranasiPvt

Courses Offered

1 Course

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Median Salary

– / –

Mangayarkarasi Arts and Science College For Women

MaduraiPvt

Courses Offered

3 Courses

4.7

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Median Salary

₹3.6 LPA

Jhadeswar Degree College

BalasorePvt

Courses Offered

6 Courses

5.0

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

₹2.15 L

Placement Rating

5.0

Government College, Nalagarh

SolanGovt

Courses Offered

1 Course

4.0

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Placement Rating

2.0

Choose from the Top Specializations

Radiotherapy Technology (48)

Radiology & Imaging Science (252)

Multimedia & Digital Media (66)

Visual Communication (126)

Bioinformatics (61)

Botany (2373)

Food Technology (41)

Electronic Media (TV, Radio, Online) (14)

Hospitality Management (12)

Dialysis Technology (149)

Smt. Dakuben Saremalji Sancheti Nursing Instituteitute

PaliPPP

Courses Offered

1 Course

5.0

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

₹2.8 L

Placement Rating

5.0

Jesus and Mary College ,University of Delhi

DelhiGovt

Courses Offered

1 Course

4.4

Exams Accepted

CUET

Total Tuition Fees

₹84.24 K

Median Salary

₹5 LPA

Monad University

HapurPvt

Courses Offered

7 Courses

4.5

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Placement Rating

4.2

Commonly asked questions
On Best BSc Colleges in India: Ranking, Admissions 2026, Fees, Courses, Placements

Q: What are the various specialisations offered for B.Sc course at Monad University?

Monad University offers three year BSc course across various different specialisations. Additionally, the BSc in Agriculture course of the university is four-year long. Admission to the BSc courses is offered on a merit-basis. Mentioned below are the Monad University BSc course specialisations:

Monad University BSc Specialisations
Physics	Computer Science	Fashion Design
Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics	Zoology, Botany, Chemistry	Home Science

Darrang College

Tezpur

Courses Offered

1 Course

3.8

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Median Salary

₹6 LPA

Swarnim Gujarat Sports University

GandhinagarGovt

Courses Offered

13 Courses

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

₹3.6 K

Median Salary

– / –

View colleges in your budget of

< 1 Lakh (3071)

1 - 3 Lakh (1470)

3 - 5 Lakh (891)

5 - 7 Lakh (354)

7 - 10 Lakh (203)

10 - 15 Lakh (100)

> 15 Lakh (58)

Amaltas Institute of Medical Science

DewasPvt

Courses Offered

1 Course

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

– / –

Median Salary

– / –

MKM Group of Colleges For Girls

Palwal

Courses Offered

9 Courses

4.9

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

₹99 K - 1.17 L

Placement Rating

4.9

St. Francis De Sales College

BangalorePvt

Courses Offered

3 Courses

4.1

Exams Accepted

Total Tuition Fees

₹2.12 L - 2.29 L

Placement Rating

3.6

Commonly asked questions
On Best BSc Colleges in India: Ranking, Admissions 2026, Fees, Courses, Placements

Q: Is M.K.M Group of college a known college/Institute?

M.K.M Group of college is a distinguished institution offering BCA, B.Ed, B.Com, B.Sc, B.A, B.J.M.C, B.Com (Hons), BBA, M.A, M.Com, M.Sc, B.Lib.Sc, Certificate, UG Diploma, MBA/PGDM, After 10th Diploma, MCA. Students can choose these programs to launch their careers in the IT & Software, Teaching & Education, Accounting & Commerce, Science, Humanities & Social Sciences, Mass Communication & Media, Business & Management Studies, Arts ( Fine / Visual / Performing ), Beauty & Fitness, Design, Architecture & Planning, Engineering, Medicine & Health Sciences field. M.K.M Group of college is known for its dedicated and experienced faculty members committed to delivering these courses. M.K.M Group of college has received an impressive review rating of 4.8 based on student feedback at Shiksha. Additionally, it has earned ratings of 4.78 for Campus Life, 4.75 for Placements, 4.81 for Faculty, and 4.83 for Infrastructure.