GATE 2027 Agricultural Engineering Syllabus: (OUT) Check Important Topics, Books, and More

Linear Algebra

 Matrices and determinants, linear and orthogonal transformations, Caley Hamilton theorem;
Eigen values and Eigen vectors, solutions of linear equations.

Calculus

 Limit, continuity and differentiability; partial derivatives; homogeneous function – Euler’stheorem, on homogeneous functions, total differentiation; maxima and minima of function with several independent, variables; sequences and series – infinite series, tests for convergence; Fourier, Taylor and MacLaurin series.

Vector Calculus

Vector differentiation, scalar and vector point functions, vector differential operators – del,
gradient; divergence and curl; physical interpretations-line, surface and volume integrals; Stokes, Gauss and Green’s theorems

Differential Equations

Linear and non-linear first order Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE); homogeneous differential equations, higher order linear ODEs with constant coefficients; Laplace transforms and their inverse; Partial Differential Equations - Laplace, heat and wave equations.

Probability and Statistics

Mean, median, mode and standard deviation; random variables; Poisson, normal and
binomial distributions; correlation and regression analysis

Numerical Methods

Solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations; numerical integration- trapezoidal and Simpson’s rule; numerical solutions of ODEs

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Machine Design

Design and selection of machine elements – gears, pulleys, chains and sprockets and belts;
overload safety devices used in farm machinery; measurement of force, stress, torque, speed, displacement and acceleration on machine elements - shafts, couplings, keys, bearings and knuckle joints.

Farm Machinery

 Soil tillage; forces acting on a tillage tool; hitch systems and hitching of tillage implements;
functional requirements, principles of working, construction and operation of manual, animal, tractor and renewable energy operated equipment for tillage, sowing, planting, fertilizer application, inter-cultivation, spraying, mowing, chaff cutting, harvesting and threshing, calculation of performance parameters - field capacity, efficiency, performance index, application rate and losses; cost analysis of implements and tractors,equipment for precision agriculture.

Sources of Power

Sources of power on the farm — human, animal, mechanical, electrical, wind, solar and
biomass; bio-fuels and their use in farm mechanization

Farm Power

Thermodynamic principles of I.C. engines; I.C. engine cycles; engine components; fuels and
combustion; lubricants and their properties; I.C. engine systems – fuel, cooling, lubrication, ignition, electrical, intake and exhaust; selection, operation, maintenance and repair of I.C. engines; power efficiencies and measurement, engine performance curves; calculation of power, torque, fuel consumption, heat load and power losses;

Tractors and Power Tillers

Type, selection, maintenance and repair of tractors and power tillers; tractor
clutches and brakes; power transmission systems – gear trains, differential, final drives and power take-off; mechanics of tractor chassis; traction theory; three point hitches - free link and restrained link operations; steering and hydraulic control systems used in tractors; tractor tests and performance; human engineering and safety considerations in design of tractor and agricultural implements.

Fluid Mechanics

Ideal and real fluids, properties of fluids; hydrostatic pressure and its measurement;
continuity equation, kinematics and dynamics of flow; Bernoulli’s theorem; laminar and turbulent flow in pipes, Darcy- Weisbach and Hazen-Williams equations; flow through orifices, weirs and notches; flow in open channels, dimensional analysis – concepts of geometric dimensionless numbers.

Soil Mechanics

Engineering properties of soils; fundamental definitions and relationships; index properties
of soils; permeability and seepage analysis; shear strength, Soil compaction and Proctor test, Mohr’s circle of stress, active and passive earth pressures; stability of slopes, Terzaghi’s one-dimensional soil consolidation theory.

Hydrology

Hydrological cycle and measurement of its components; meteorological parameters and their
measurement; analysis of precipitation data; runoff estimation; hydrograph analysis, unit hydrograph theory and application; stream flow measurement; flood routing, hydrological reservoir and channel routing, Infiltration – indices and equations, drought and its classification.

Surveying and Leveling

Measurement of distance and area; instruments for surveying and levelling; chain
surveying, methods of traversing; measurement of angles and bearings, plane table surveying; types of levelling; the Theodolite traversing; contouring; total station, introduction to GPS survey, computation of areas and volume

Soil and Water Erosion

Mechanics of soil erosion - wind and water erosion: soil erosion types, factors
affecting erosion; soil loss estimation; biological and engineering measures to control erosion; terraces and bunds; vegetative waterways; gully control structures, drop, drop inlet and chute spillways; earthen dams

Watershed Management

Watershed characterization and land use capability classification; water budgeting
in watershed, rainwater harvesting, check dams and farm ponds.

Soil-Water-Plant Relationship

Water requirement of crops; consumptive use and evapotranspiration; measurement of infiltration, soil moisture and irrigation water infiltration.

Irrigation Water Conveyance and Application Methods 

Design of irrigation channels and underground
pipelines; irrigation scheduling; surface, sprinkler and micro irrigation methods, design and evaluation of irrigation methods; irrigation efficiencies.

Agricultural Drainage

Drainage coefficient; planning, design and layout of surface and sub- surface drainage
systems; leaching requirement and salinity control; irrigation and drainage water quality and reuse; nonconventional drainage system.

Ground Water Hydrology

Groundwater occurrence; ground water movement; Darcy’s Law, steady and
unsteady flow in confined and unconfined aquifers, groundwater exploration techniques; overview of groundwater recharge estimation and artificial recharge techniques.

Wells and Pumps

Types of wells, steady flow through wells; design and construction of water wells;
classification of pumps; pump characteristics; pump selection and installation

Engineering Properties of Agriculture Produce

Physical, thermal, frictional, rheological and electrical properties.

Evaporation and Drying

 Concentration and drying of liquid foods – evaporators, tray, drum and spray dryers;
osmotic dehydration and freeze drying; hydrothermal treatments; drying and milling of cereals, pulses and oilseeds; drying kinetics; psychrometry – properties of air-water vapor mixture.

Size Reduction and Material Handling

Mechanics and energy requirement in size reduction of agriculture
produce; particle size analysis for comminuted solids; size separation by screening; fluidization of granular solids-pneumatic, bucket, screw and belt conveying; cleaning and grading; effectiveness of separation; centrifugal separation of solids, liquids and gases; homogenization; filtration and membrane separation.

Processing of Agriculture Produce

Processing of seeds, spices, fruits and vegetables; value addition of agriculture produce

Storage System

 Controlled and modified atmosphere storage; perishable food storage, godowns, bins and
grain silos, packaging material and machines

Heat and Mass Transfer

Steady state heat transfer in conduction, convection and radiation; transient heat
transfer in simple geometry; working principles of heat exchangers; diffusive and convective mass transfer; simultaneous heat and mass transfer in agricultural processing operations; material and energy balances in food processing systems; water activity, sorption and desorption isotherms

Preservation of Food

Kinetics of microbial death – pasteurization and sterilization of milk and other liquid
foods; preservation of food by cooling and freezing; refrigeration and cold storage basics and applications.

Unit operations in Dairy and Food engineering

Blanching, homogenization, pasteurization, sterilization

General Intelligence and Reasoning

R.N Thakur

Analytical Reasoning

M.K Pandey

Fast Track Objective Mathematics

Rajesh Verma

Higher Engineering Mathematics

Dr B.S Grewal

MADE EASY Engineering Mathematics

MADE EASY Editorial Board

Applied Hydrology

Ven Chow, David Maidment, and Lary Mays

Concept of Agricultural Engineering

Mohanty Das

GATE Digest in Agricultural Engineering

Er. Sanjay Kumar

A-Z in Soil and Water Conservation Engineering for GATE Agricultural Engineering Examination

Addhaya Chakraborty and Dr Alivia Chowdhury Pulakesh Das